Metformin and Kidney Damage - The link between Metformin and CKD

Metformin is a widely prescribed medication for managing type 2 diabetes and is generally considered safe in most cases. However, there are concerns among individuals about its potential impact on kidney function. Here, we will discuss the different effects of metformin on kidney health along with the effects on other organs in patients treated as metformin users with long-term usage of the medicine.

Can you take metformin if you have kidney problems? 

People with chronic kidney chronic liver disease problems should consume metformin cautiously or avoid it. Consult with the doctor to determine if it’s safe for you. Metformin can sometimes cause lactic acidosis, a serious condition that affects the kidneys. Regular kidney health monitoring is crucial for those taking metformin, especially with pre-existing or chronic kidney disease issues.

What is metformin? 

Metformin is a medication that is used to treat type 2 diabetes. It helps to control blood sugar levels by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver and increasing the body’s response to insulin. It is an oral medication often prescribed with diet and regular exercise. 

Common side effects may include nausea or diarrhea, but serious side effects are rare. Metformin is considered an effective medication for treating most patients with type 2 and-2 diabetes. Moreover, it may also be prescribed to patients with type 2 and for treating other medical conditions. Always consult with the doctor for correct usage to reduce complications.

Does metformin harm kidneys?

No, metformin generally does not harm kidneys. It is commonly prescribed to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus and does not pose a significant risk to kidney or renal function itself. However, individuals with pre-existing kidney disease may need adjustments in their medication usage as high doses can potentially affect the kidney’s functions. Those with kidney issues need to consult with the doctor for appropriate dosage or alternative treatments. Overall, when metformin is taken according to medical guidance it is considered a safe and effective medication for managing diabetes mellitus, without causing harm to the kidneys in most cases.

Metformin and GFR

Kidney health in severe chronic kidney disease is sometimes measured by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This is a laboratory estimate of how well your kidneys are filtering your blood. A lower GFR typically means lesser kidney function. Whether metformin is safe for you to take can depend on your GFR. And experts recommend adjusting your metformin dosage based on this number, too.

Your healthcare provider will run a test to figure out your GFR before you start metformin and during treatment. If your GFR is less than 60, they may run this test more often. And if your GFR is between 30 and 44, they may lower your metformin dosage. But if you have certain risk factors, they may lower your dosage, even if increased risk from your metformin use or GFR is higher.

If your GFR drops below 30, or if you start dialysis, metformin should not be used. Your healthcare team will keep an eye on this number and make changes as needed.

Can you take metformin with pre-existing kidney problems?

While it is generally considered safe for many people to take metformin use manage diabetes. However, it may not be suitable for individuals with pre-existing or impaired kidney function or advanced chronic kidney disease . The kidneys play a significant role in eliminating metformin from the body, and if kidney function is impaired there is a risk of metformin accumulation which can lead to lactic acidosis a rare but serious condition.

Here are some considerations regarding metformin and chronic kidney and liver disease problems-

• Assessment of kidney health - If the individual has some kidney issues then before starting with the dosage it is important to consult with the doctor for the correct usage and dosage of the medication.
• Communicate with the doctor - Always inform the doctor about any pre-existing renal impairment or changes in renal health. The doctor will determine whether metformin is suitable for you and will prescribe the correct dosage.
• Regular monitoring - If you are consuming metformin and have kidney issues then the doctor may monitor your kidney health regularly to ensure that the medication is not causing any adverse effects.
• Alternative medications - Depending on the severity of kidney issues, the doctor might consider alternative medications for managing diabetes that are safe for the kidney’s health.

Does metformin affect other organs in long-term usage?

Metformin is generally considered safe but like any other medication, it can have potential effects on the blood pressure and various organs, especially with long-term usage.

Here is a list of the potential impacts of metformin on various organs-

• Gastrointestinal system - Gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort are commonly reported with metformin usage. These symptoms are usually not permanent and may improve over time with dose adjustments.
• Liver function - Metformin is primarily eliminated through the kidneys and its use is generally considered safe for individuals with normal liver function. However, regular monitoring of live function is typically recommended as some rare cases of elevated liver enzymes have been reported.
• Vitamin B12 Levels - Long-term metformin usage has been associated with a decrease in vitamin B12 absorption. Regular monitoring of vitamin B12 levels is recommended with metformin usage to prevent its deficiency.
• Nervous system - An emerging research suggesting that metformin may have neuroprotective effects. However, more studies are required to confirm the long-term effect.

Conclusion

Metformin is generally considered safe and effective for managing diabetes. It’s crucial to monitor kidney health regularly. Long-term or higher doses may pose a risk of kidney damage, especially in individuals with pre-existing kidney conditions. Consult with a doctor to ensure the proper dosage of the medicine.